What do the letters on the box of the machine (P, D, N, R, and M) mean this manual can be useful for those who have traveled on the mechanics all their lives and first saw the control panel of the automatic box without having

What do the letters on the box machine mean (p, d, n, r and m)

This manual can be useful for those who have traveled on the mechanics all their lives and first saw the control panel of the automatic box, having no idea what letters or other symbols mean in certain positions of the silver lever. The standard set of operating modes for all machines is: P (Parking) – Parking, D (Drive) – motion, N (Neutral) – Neutral gear and R (Reverse) – reverse.

In modern cars with an automatic transmission, the selector position indicators burn on the dashboard, and the numbering of the working program (1, 2, 3 and further) is displayed. In some cases, the designations of the same regime may vary, sometimes additional modes are found.

Consider more or less common options. We also note that all types of automatic boxes, whether it be a classic hydromechanical unit, robot or variator, the main modes of operation have the same designations: P, D, N, R.

The position of the selector c P (Parking) Includes parking mode, that is, a long parking lot, during which the box blocks the movement of the car. In this mode, the engine is allowed. When parking a car on a slope, you must first use a parking brake.

Position D (Drive) – The designation is also very rare A (automate) – is the main mode of movement of the car forward with automatic gear shift under normal conditions. The same regime remains on and at short stops, when there is no need to jerk the engine, for example, at a traffic light.

R (Reverse) Includes the mode of movement in reverse.

The so -called neutral N (Neutral) For the machine, it is mainly intended for towing a car, or similar service transportation, when it becomes necessary to completely disconnect the engine from the wheels. In this position, the output shaft of the box is unlocked, and the car is not controlled by the transmission, that is, it can freely move.

On the neutral it is allowed to launch the engine, it is also possible to put a box for the time of parking with an activated handbrake, although in this case it is still more convenient to use the mode P (Parking). In practice, neutral transmission is very rarely used on cars with an automatic box, mainly for technical transportation.

Modern automatic machines also often occur mode M (Manual) – that is, manual switching, which imitates the work of a mechanical box with a forced sequential increase or decrease in gears by means of the lever in the position + and –, or steering wheel petals.

Manual mode is sometimes required for self -shifting gears, for example, in cases where the car requires increased stability, in particular on a protracted descent, a steep lifting, mountain serpentines, on a slippery surface or off -road, that is, so that the box does not switch to increased transmission during increasing revolutions, or when it is necessary to use the so -called braking by the engine by dropping gears to lowered ones.

It may not be on the old machines of the manual mode, therefore, when it is required to transfer the maximum traction of the engine to the drive wheels (again when driving on ice, on steep climbs and descents), a reduced (first) transmission is used in such boxes L. or B. (Low or Bottom), also having designation options L, 1, 1L. At all -wheel drive cars of the letter B. Can mean (Block) – Differential lock.

The following modes may also be present in terms of reduced gear function in terms of reduced gear:

2 or 2l – Moving forward in the shifting mode of the box is no higher than the second gear. It is used when driving on winding mountain roads or hilly terrain.

3 or d3 – Switching no higher than the third gear. It is used mainly when driving with frequent stops and at a speed of not higher than 80 km/h.

4 or D4 – Not higher than the fourth gear. Corresponds to the usual traffic mode in normal conditions at an average speed of 100 km/h.

Often on the very lever, a button is found O/D (Over Drive) – Increased gear, which has a gear ratio less than one, usually always turned on by default. The essence of this regime is that the box will switch to increased gear at a relatively low speed (approximately 50 km/h) and the slightly reflected gas pedal, that is, during the calm movement it will significantly save fuel and less load the engine.

With the “overdrive” turned off, accordingly, on the contrary, the speed of speeds will occur at higher engine speeds, which contributes to the best dynamics of the car, naturally with higher fuel consumption.

Sports regime S (Sport) Allows the most efficient use of the power of the power unit. Transfigurations occur at the time of development of the maximum torque of the engine, to ensure the best acceleration of the car. For this mode, the designation can be used DS (Drive Sport) as an additional explanation that sport is included in the automatic shift mode, or MS (Manual Sport) – Accordingly, the ability to switch manually.

In economical mode E (eConomic) In contrast to the sports automatic box, it provides smooth acceleration with maximum fuel economy, since switching occur at relatively low engine speeds.

Winter mode W (Winter) implies starting off not from the first, but from the second gear in order to prevent the wheels from slipping on a slippery surface. To activate this mode, a separate button or switch is mainly used, which may also be labeled WINTER, HOLD or snowflake icon.

Mode KickDown in an automatic box, it serves to accelerate the car intensively when the gas pedal is pressed all the way to the stop, when it drops one or two gears down into the box, and the engine is gaining high speed at this time. This mode is useful for overtaking and other quick maneuvers. On many modern cars, kickdown is activated by on-board electronics that respond to a sharp press on the accelerator, but often this overrunning mode is activated by a special button located under the accelerator pedal.

And finally, for a visual assimilation of information, we suggest watching an amateur video clip, the author of which explains the meaning of the letters on the panel of the automatic transmission mode selector in a Chevrolet Aveo car.